Horizontal tray type oil burner



Feb. 26, 1952l c. A. MILLER 4 2,587,361

HORIZONTAL TRAY TYPE OIL BURNER Filed Aug. l5, l? 2 SHEETS-SHEET l 3T 7 j? E191 OOOGOOO ATTORNEK Feb. 26, 1952 c. A. MILLER 2,587,361

HORIZONTAL TRAY TYPE OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 15. 1947 2 SHEETS- SHEET 2 ooeoooooocoeoo 27, oooooooeooo oo [7dlooooooqooo o 28 oooooo @ooo o Naoeoo oooooo 23 `0oooo ooooooo INVENTORVT ,CLAREn/ae A. MTLL ER ATTORN Patented Feb. 26, 1952 UNITED STATE TENT OFFICE HORIZONTAL TRAY TYPE OIL BURNER.

Y Application August 15, 19.47, SerialNo. 768,769

6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to. oil burners and, more particularly, oil burners oi the stimulative draft,

Ipnt type, especially adaptable for. heating large space areas.

The present invention isy ,particularlyr useful for 'heating large space areas, .such as tobacco barns 'and the like, and wherein it is desirable to 'produce dry heat by means of Aa horizontally projected name within a combustion chamber formed of 'iirebrickV or the like, having a space heating conduit in flow communication therewith whereby hot i'lue gases may be "circulated throughout the edifice to be heated. n

Sometimes it is desirable to utilize 'approximately three 'gallons 'of' fuel oil "per hour in the instant type burner, 'as opposed 'to a normal consumption of approximately 2 quarts per hour in a burner of the type disclosed in the copending application for Letters Patent, led by Clarence A.v Miller, Serial No. 606,559, filed June v23, V1945, for Oil Burner and which said. application resulted in United States Letters Patent SNO. 2,462,529, dated February 22, 1949.

It is an object of the present invention to provide Aan oil burner 'adapted' `to utilize a large volume of Yfuel oilfwithin a relatively confined burning area. It is ka further Vobject of the'pr'esentV invention to provide an oil burner 'having means to project horizontally gases of combustion into a horizontally disposed -combustion ychamber at a relatively 4high velocity. It is a further object of the present invention lto provide an oil burner of the character having means lto project horizontally a lflame from `a mixing chamber into a combustion *chamber and wherein the gases of combustion are thoroughly mixed together within the said mixing chamber. 'It is a further object of the present invention to provide 'a mixing chamber for an 'oil burner of the 'character mentioned, which zis designed to prevent distortion of'the metal parts-thereof caused 'by' flame contact therewith.

The objects, above mentioned, are attained 'in lthe present invention primarily vby a novel `i"or mation of the mixing chamber provide with a portion 'to enable expansion of gases of combustion and a second portion to restrict the gases of combustion -for emission Vtlfirough a throat aperture into a combustion chamber; The formation of the mixing chamber insofar 4as admission of primary and secondary air thereinto :is novel and produces thorough mixing 'of the gases Iof combustion and air in a manner 'not heretofore known in the art.

It is a 'further-object of the 'present i1:.lvent1o`n 2 to providean oil burner whichis relatively simple 'to manufacture, install and service, and which consumes fuel elncientlywith 'a maximum output of heat and a correspondingly minimum loss of combustible substance.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent upon reference to the specification and accompanying drawings in which similar characters of reference represent corresponding parts in the several views.

Fig. l is a longitudinal, sectional view of a mixing chamber and airb'ox.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional Vview taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3.

The invention comprises a top casting generally indicated at A2, and a bottom casting generally indicated at 3, enclosed within an airbox indicated generally at 4. An oil supply pipe is generally indicated at 5 to Asupply oil to a sump portion't formed in the bottom casting. An air duct generally indicated at 'l is connected to a blower (not shown) to supply air under pressure to the interior of the airbox. Means comprising spacer members 8 are carried by the top Vcasting 2 to space the said casting from the top of the airbox A and are connected thereto by conventional.

means such as bolts 9. As aforesaid, the airbox encloses the asesmbled castings 2 and 3 Lexcept an opening therein as at Il in communication with a preferably elongated combustion chamber (not shown).

The top casting 2 comprises a flat cover piece l5 formed with a right angularly disposed, depending back skirt portion I5 and side skirt p0rtions I'l and Ila. The side portions l'l diverge outwardly from one another to a point approximately midway between the back 'skirt portion I5 and the front end I9 of the said member 2. At the said midway point indicated at I9, the side skirt portions Ila converge toward one another. l

Porti-ons Il and l'la are formed preferably integrally with said top casting.

The bottom casting 3 vis formed with 'a flat iioor portion 2l and inclined floor portion 2| a. The portion 2! is provided .with a back, upwardly, vertically projecting wall 22 and the portions 2l and 2W are provided with 'side walls 23 lwhich correspond in conguration to skirt portions I'1 and Ila. The walls 23 of the bottom casting are disposed in spaced viuxtar'iositi'on outwardly 'from the skirt portions I6, I1 and I'I of casting member 2. The floor portion 2 In is inclined upwardly from the approximate midway point I9 and terminates at the front of the said casting, indicated at 25.

The top casting is disposed within the bottom casting and the skirt portions I6 and I'I rest upon the oor portion of the bottom casting. Castings 2 and 3 are provided with ange portions 21 and 28 respectively for suitable connection therebetween by means of bolts 29. Thus, it is seen that the castings 2 and 3, when in assembled position, form a gas expansion chamber indicated generally at A and a second chamberl B wherein the gases are progressively confined from the said approximate midway point I9 to the throat orifice indicated generally at C, when they are emitted into the combustion chamber (not shown).

There is provided a plurality of apertures in the skirt portion IE which is in relatively direct flow communication with the airpipe for admission of so-called primary air into the expansion chamber and toward the throat orice C.

The apertures provided in the skirt portion i6 are relatively large adjacent the top, bottom and central part thereof, while v.groups of smaller apertures are provided therein adjacent opposite sides thereof approximately midway between top and bottom thereof. I have indicated the larger apertures as 3l and the smaller apertures as 32 and the purposes and effect of the aforementioned apertures will hereinafter be described.

In the diverging skirt portions Il I provide a plurality of apertures from top to bottom thereof and prefer that the apertures adjacent the bottom portion of the said diverging wall portions be larger than those thereabove. I have indicated the larger said apertures .by indicia 33 and the smaller thereabove as 34.

In the converging wall portions of the top casting I provide a plurality of apertures adjacent the top and bottom thereof, spaced from one another in row formation, indicated generally at 36. In the top cover member I provide a plurality of relatively small apertures indicated at 37, spaced from one another and arranged in the general outline of the converging wall portions and disposed near the forward portion of the cover member. At the iront end of the cover member is provided a row of apertures 33 of relatively large size in order to allow air to be introduced under pressure downwardly adjacent the throat orifice C to prevent flame from curling upwardly against the cover which is likely to result in distortion of the metal comprising the top casting. I also provide a plurality of apertures 39 in the front part of the airbox 4 immedi ately above the top of the' cover piece I5 for a similar purpose, i. e., to direct air from the airboxvjust above throat orifice C to prevent the iiame emitted from the orifice into the combustion chamber (not shown) from curling upwardly. It is noted that the apertures 39 are preferably inclined downwardly toward the path of travel of the flame.

I have noted in the operation ofk the present invention that the gases of combustion are mixed with primary air introduced through the skirt portion I8 and adjacent the bottom of diverging skirt portions I'I and that the gases of combustion, when ignited within the chambers A and B, are propelled toward the restricted throat orifice C in a manner which might be described as two substantially parallel spiral co'nvolutions,

vdevelopment of the spiral gaspaths.

indicated in Fig. 2 as at D and E. The positioning of the apertures 3l and 32 in the back skirt I6 together with the positioning of apertures 33 and 3 4 in diverging wall portions I'I, which causes a turbulent air condition within the chambers A and B, is believed to be a prime reason for the For example, the smaller apertures 32 provided in the skirt I6 serve as the means to position generally the paths of combustible gases.

I have also found that the greater the velocity of gases discharged through the throat orice C in the combustion chamber (not shown) the greater the burning efficiency and, therefore, resultant heat. The particular arrangement of apertures herein illustrated is a preferred form as the burning eiciency of fuel has been noted as high. The great length of the flame developedV by the present invention is believed to stem from the aperture arrangements provided in the mixing chamber coupled with the novel form thereof comprising, rst, a gas expansion chamber A and, then, gas restricting chamber B.

In operation, oil is admitted into the mixing chamber through pipe 5 to be received in sump portion and then the same is ignited by suitable conventional means (not shown) and mixed with primary airI introduced through the apertures provided in skirt It and adjacent the bottom of skirt portions I'I. The gases of combustion, propelled by air under pressure, iiow toward the restricted throat orifice C to b e projected into the combustion chamber (not shown) in flow communication with the said orifice C.

The secondary air mixes with the gases of combustion and serves to increase the velocity of the combustible gas and flame discharged from the throat orice. It is noted that the apertures arranged in the top cover are intended to inject air in the mixture of the gases and also serve to prevent the ame from distorting the metal of the casting which is a common defect in large capacity oil burners.

Further, the apertures provided in the airbox as at 39, serve to prevent the flame from curling upwardly at the point of discharge from the mixing chamber to damage the metal of the burner unit.

'I'he present invention has been described in more or less specic .detail with reference to said illustrations for purposes of example and it isunderstood that many variations, modifications and changes may be practiced Within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an oil burner of the stimulated draft pot type adapted to project a iiame horizontally, the combination of a mixing formed by a top-casting and a' bottom casting adapted tc be assembled as a unit, said top casting comprising `a cover piece, a back skirt portion, a pair of opposed diverging side skirt portions connected to said back skirt portion,vand a pair of opposed converging side skirt portions contiguous with said diverging side skirt portions, said bottom casting comprising a iioor, a back wall portion, aV pair of opposed diverging side wall portions connected to said back wall portion and a pair of opposed converging side wall portions contiguous with said diverging side wall portions, said top casting arranged within said bottom casting, a iiame and combustible gas discharge throat arranged adjacent to the convergent ends of said side skirt and side wall portions and dethroatmeans to supply oil to said bottom cast-1 ing, and means to supply air under pressure to said box adjacent to the said back skirt portion.

2. An oil burner, according to claim 1, and wherein a portion of the floor of the bottom casting-- is inclined upwardly toward said top casting from a point approximately medially of said bottom casting and toward the throat discharge.

3. In an oil burner of the stimulated draft pot type adapted to project a flame horizontally, the combination of a mixing chamber composed of a top casting and a bottom casting adapted to be assembled as a unit, said top casting comprising a cover piece, a back skirt portion, a pair l of opposed diverging side skirt portions con-1 nected to said back skirt portion, and a pair of opposed converging side skirt portions contiguous with said diverging side skirt portions, said bottom casting comprising a floor, a back wall portion, a pair of opposed diverging side wall portions connected to said back Wall portion and a pair of opposing converging side wall portions contiguous with said diverging side wall portions, said top casting arranged within said bottom casting whereby said side skirt portions and saidv back skirt portion of said top casting are spaced inwardly from the side wall portions and back Wall portion, respectively of said bottom casting, a flame and combustible gas discharge throat arranged'v adjacent to the convergent ends of said side skirt and side wall portions of said top and bottom castings, a pulrality of spaced apertures 4. An oil burner, according to claim 3, and wherein the apertures of smaller diameter in `said back skirt portion of said top casting are arranged in two groups located approximately half way from top to bottom of said back skirt portion adjacent to opposite ends thereof.

5. An oil burner, according to claim 3, and wherein the apertures of smaller diameter in said back skirt portion of said top casting are arranged in two groups located approximately half way from top to bottom of said back skirt portion adjacent to opposite ends thereof and wherein a plurality of said apertures disposed in the cover piece of said top casting are arranged in substantially the configuration of the convergent side skirt portions of said top casting near the discharge end thereof.

6. In an oil burner adapted to project a flame horizontally, the combination of a mixing chamber composed of a top casting and a bottom casting adapted to be assembled as a unit, said top casting comprising a cover piece, a back skirt portion, a pair of opposed diverging side skirt portions connected to said back skirt portion, and a pair of opposed converging side skirttportions contiguous With said divergiing side skirt portions, said bottom casting comprising a oor, a back wall portion, a pair of opposed diverging side wall portions connected to said back wall portion and a pair of opposed converging side Wall portions contiguous With said diverging side provided in said diverging and converging side and f.

back skirt portions and said cover piece of said top casting, and a plurality of apertures of dif; ferent diameters disposed from top to bottom in said back skirt portion of said top casting," the. apertures of smaller diameter being arranged in a grouplsurrounded by apertures of a relatively larger diameter, an air box arranged to encompass said bottom and top castings and spaced from said top casting and having a hole therein positioned above said discharge throat openingarranged to discharge air from said air box Ward the flame and combustible gas discharged from .said discharge throat, means to supply oilj to said' bottom casting, and means to supply under-pressure to said air box adjacent to said back skirt portion of said top casting.

Wall portions, said top casting arranged lwithin said bottom casting, a flame and combustible gas discharge throat arranged adjacent to the convergent ends of said side skirt and side wall portions and dened thereby, a plurality of spaced apertures provided in said side and back skirt portions and said cover of sai-d top casting, said apertures arranged to enable entry of air therethrough into said mixing chamber, and means to supply oil to said bottom casting.

CLARENCE A. MILLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 'Number Name Date 494,992 Stacey Apr. 4, 1893 2,083,832 Daniels June 15, 1937 2,212,078 Sabins Aug. 20, 1940 2,388,254 Daniels Nov. 6,1945 2,391,585 Miller Dec. 25 1945 2,393,231 Breese Jan. 22, 1946 2,396,818 Breese Mar. 19, 1946 2,462,529 Miller Feb. 22, 1949 

